The following slides show a small-scale experimental study on the behavior of a broody hen during natural incubation. By marking each egg with identifying letters, it was possible to observe how the hen continuously changes the position and orientation of the eggs within the nest.
These movements promote even heat distribution, prevent embryo adhesion, and contribute to proper embryo development during incubation.
The spin-flip and change the movement of eggs during natural incubation by a brooding hen is a much-debated issue.
While some claim that the hen each day gives you back half full, others say that it doesn't make them give more than a 1/4 turn at a time and others that give 3/4.
These views also influence the practice of flipping in the artificial incubation. In which there are also differences of opinion, and while some will make a 1/2 turn, others turn 1/4 and 3/4.
To resolve the issue, a study of a similar nature was conducted, and to that end, we observed two nests, carefully noting what the brooding hens did with the eggs.
This also allows us to observe the change in the location of the eggs, that is, to see whether or not it is true that those in the center are moved to the periphery and those in the periphery are moved to the center.
The study was conducted on 15 eggs in each nest, and for this purpose, all the eggs were marked with a number. A mark was drawn on the larger end of each egg +, putting the letters to, b, c., d at each end of the cross.
This allows us to appreciate it, thanks to the remarkable research conducted by Professor J. L. Frateur of the Institute of Animal Science in Leuven (Belgium), the 1/8-turn approach.
The position of the eggs were scored every day, be practised in observation at eight in the morning, when he pulled the brooder to give you freedom and to eat.
The births took place normally at the start of the 22 days after starting the incubation.
In other words, if I change location from the center to the periphery and from there to the center, it was determined in the tables they established, but the figures can only determine this approximately, because it is difficult to say whether an egg occupies exactly the periphery or the center.
To determine this more precisely, it is necessary to examine the diagrams showing the position of each egg on each of the 21 days of incubation; here we will look only at the position of two nests (1).
The examination of these paintings and engravings follows:
The engravings which illustrate this work show perfectly the change of position of the eggs, or in other words, the rotation about their axes.
A quick glance at the illustrations is enough to see that the change in position occurs almost exclusively through a rotational movement about the major axis. The tables that were compiled show the degree of rotation for each egg.
(1) Prof. Finleur’s report includes all 42 designs—21 for each nest—but because they would take up too much space, we are publishing only two for each nest as a representative sample.
Examination of the tables are the basis of the following data in the two incubations, the basis of the study.
Results obtained from both nests combined.
The data collected and the way the hen moves the eggs explain the relative importance of displacement and rotation.
If you watch closely, when our hens return to the nest, they peck at the eggs vigorously, moving those in the center to the edge and those on the edge to the center, thereby shifting the eggs and changing their positions.
Prof. Frateur’s fascinating work sheds real light on this much-debated issue, and, as with artificial incubation, the machine must mimic nature as closely as possible.
This document outlines the procedure to be followed when handling eggs during incubation. As can be seen, the eggs should be moved slightly and given a gentle turn, without needing to be turned completely over—that is, by 180 degrees—as had been recommended until now.
This makes sense when one considers that even the slightest rotational movement is enough to prevent the embryo from adhering to the albumen membrane that lines the inner wall of the shell; once this is achieved, it makes no difference whether the egg rotates 1/8 of a turn or a full half-turn.
You may be interested in these other sections